He died due to heart failure at the age of 81, in Mexico City.
In 1997, Monterroso was awarded the Guatemala National Prize in Literature for his body of work.
He was also awarded the Spanish Prince of Asturias Award, in 2000. In 1988, Augusto Monterroso received the highest honor the Mexican government can bestow on foreign dignitaries, the Águila Azteca. In 1956 he returned definitively to Mexico City, where he would occupy various academic and editorial posts and continue his work as a writer for the rest of his life. He relocated to Santiago de Chile in 1954, when Arbenz's government was toppled with help from an American intervention. In 1953 he moved briefly to Bolivia upon being named Guatemalan consul in La Paz. Shortly after his arrival in Mexico, the revolutionary government of Jacobo Arbenz triumphed in Guatemala, and Monterroso was assigned to a minor post in the Guatemalan embassy in Mexico. He was detained and exiled to Mexico City in 1944 for his opposition to the dictatorial regime. To this end he founded the newspaper El Espectador with a group of other writers. Here he published his first short stories and began his clandestine work against the dictatorship of Jorge Ubico. In 1936 his family settled definitively in Guatemala City, where he would remain until early adulthood. Monterroso was born in Tegucigalpa, Honduras to a Honduran mother and Guatemalan father.
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